Heater oe boileb



A. H. Momow. HEATER 0R BlLER.

AP-PLICATION FILED OCT. 9, 1914.

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HEATER 0R BOILER.

APPLICATION FILED ocT.9. 1914.

1,312,801. I Patented Aug. 12,1919.

I 2SHEETS-SHEET L INVENTOR erratas@ rara ernten.

ALEXANDER n. iuonnowjor rrr'rsBURe-H, PnNNsYLvAmA.

HEATER OR BOILER.

vented a new and useful Improvement Heaters or Boilers, of which thefollowing.

is a full, clear, and'exact description, reference being had to theaccompanying. drawings', forming part of this .spec1icat1on, 1n whichFigure l is a vertical section taken on the line -l of Figs. 2' and 3;

Fig. 2 is a horizontal section taken on the line -H of Fig. 1;

Fig. Sis a vertical section .taken on the line lll-IH of Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 isa perspective view of one of the Aintermediate heater sections;and

Fig.V 5 is a detail sectional view of the lower nipple connection.

My invention has relation to heaters or boilers ofthe sectional type,and winch employ a duid fuel, such as gas o r oil. The object of myinvention is to provlde a heater or boiler of this general character, 1nwhich the sections are so constructed and related to each other as toprovide not only for a maximum heating area, but also .for a highlyeilicient and economical application of the' fuel to heating surfacesand circula tion of the products of combustion.

The nature of my invention will be best understood by reference to theaccompanying drawings, in which I have shown a preferred embodiment, itbeing premised, however, that various changes may be made 1n the detailsof construction and arrangement of the parts, Without departing from thespirit and scope of my invention as defined in the appended claims.

In these drawings, I have shown a heater or boiler composed of two endsectlonsor units, and three intermediate sectlons or units; but it willbe understood that the number of intermediate units may be variedaccording to the size and'c'apacity of the heater.

The end sections or units'2 and 3 are counterparts, except that they arerights 'and lefts, each of them being in theform of a casting having ahollow web with 'a fiat outer vertical face, formingl one of the exeachsection being Aformed ternal walls of the heater the inner face of withalternating 'hollowprojections 4 and recess portions 5.

Speccation of Letters Patent.

Patenten aeg. ia, ieee..

Application filed October 9, 1914. Serial No. 865,910.

The intermediate sections or units 6 are.

preferably all counterparts, each of them having a hollow centralvertical web'and their vertical faces formed with hollow horizontalalternating projecting portions 7, and recess portions 8, which are ofgenerally similar form to those of the inner faces 'of the end sections.The recess and projecting portions of the intermediate units are,however, staggered with relation to the corresponding portions of theend sections and to the corresponding portions of the opposed surfacesof .adjacent intermediate sections, so that when the Sections areassembled, the projections of all of the sections will be inintercalated relation with the -rcessportions of adjacent sections.Eachunit is also provided at one end with a vertical header 7a whichcommunicates with. the hollow web and the horizontal projectingportions, the headers ofthe units forming the back of the boiler. Theunits are also each provided with a horizontal header ,7b which form thetop of the boiler. All of the sections are preferably provided at thebase with abutting flanges 9 and at their upper portions with -abuttingianges l0. Each section is also formed at the lower end of the headerwith a tubular seat 1l,

to receive a connecting nipple l2. Thesetubular portions and nipplesform a continuous water space, which communicates with thehollowinterior of each of the units. Above the abutting ianges 10, thehorizontal header 7" of each section has a centrally arranged nippleseat 13, these seats receiving the connecting nipples 14, which form acontinuouswater or steam chamber- 15 at the top of the structure. 16designates two return connections which communicate with the continuouswater space, and 1'2"4 designates. outlet connections from the s ace l5for the heated water or steam. O, Viously, however, I vmay employ butone intake and oii'take connection or any desired number of theseconnections. f' As will be readily understood from the drawings, whenthe sections or units are assembled, they form a plurality of adjacentvertical water legs connected at top and bottom, and each ofthemseparated by a tortuous passage from the opposing surface of anadjacent section or sections. These tortuous passages are for the flamesand other products of combustion from the burners 18 which extend withinthe lower portions of the fuel, this may be supplied by a pipe i9,having a plurality of branches 20, leading into the lower portion cieach of the saidtortuous passages through openings 21, formed in thebottom iianges 9 oi the sections. Each branch 20 has a plurality ofburners, branched at their ends, ,as shown at 22. Each branch 22 ispreferably arranged to directa larne against an upwardly convergingsurface 23 of the lower portion oit an adjacent unit. rl`hese upwardlyconverging surfaces define the main combustion chamber portions of thetortuous passage and also form contracted lower portions ot the waterlegs. Some of the burners may be connected to a separate gas supply pipe19 to act as pilots.

By this construction, a comparatively large combustion area is provided,while at the same time the lower portions of the water legs, whichcontain the colder water, are so contracted as to contain at thoseportions only a relatively small volume. Above the upwardly convergingsurfaces' 23, the tortuous passages are preferably of substantiallyequal cross sectional area. Preferably the projecting portions of thesections are made long enough so that they project beyond the jointsbetween adjacent sections and form a positive overlap which increasesthe tortuosity of the passages. It will be noted that the hollowprojections of the sec- .tions have the inner and outer surfaces oftheir upper and lower walls sloped in a converging direction. vThis is afeature of importance for several reasons. ln the first place it greatlyfacilitates the upward circulation of the water in the sections, sinceit prevents any pocketing of hot water or steam such as would occur ifthese surfaces were horizontal. ln the second place it greatlyfacilitates the dislodgment of any soot or other products of combustionwhich may stick upon the upper and outer surfaces of said projections.Furthermore, it enables the sections to be readily cast, the slope ofthe projection being sufficient to give proper draft in molding.

The abutting lianges 10 form the top of these tortuous passages, but areout away vertically at the front end of the heater, as shown at 24 inFigs. 253, and 4:, to provide filles through which the products ofoombustion pass upwardly between the webs of the units into the upperchamber 25 below the horizontal headers. This chamber 25 is a continuouschamber except for the connections 26 which connect the horizontalheaders to the webs of the units and which extend therethrough and arecompletely surrounded, by said chamber. rlhe vertical header of one ormore ot the sections are out away at the back to provide the outlet 27,which leads into the smoke box 28. This asiatici joint at 30, and theouter section 28"i being reversible so that its offtake connection 31may be directed either vertically, as shown in full lines in Fig. 3, orhorizontally, as shown in dotted llnes in said figure. 32 designatesdoors by means of which access may be had to the burners, the chamber 25and the ues between the headers.- 'lhese doors are preferably providedwith peep holes 33, having closures 34 of mica or other suitablematerial.

My invention provides a heater or boiler which is simple in itsconstruction, the sections or units being of a form which can readily becast and also capable of being readily assembled. The shape of thesections or units, whereby tortuous passages for the products ofcombustion are provided not only increases the vertical distance throughwhich such products of -combustion must.

travel before escaping, but also largely increases the heating area ofthe sections directly exposed to the action of such products. This makesa very economical heater o1' boiler, in which a maximum heating et'-ect1 can be obtained with a minimum of It will be obvious that insteadof the speciic arrangement of burners which l have have shown anddescribed, various other :torms and arrangements of burners may be used;that the shape of the tortuous passages may be widely varied, and thatother changes may be made within the scope oi the appended claims.

l claim: j l. A section or unit for'sectional heaters or boilers,comprising a hollow vertical web portion formed at each of its verticalsides with hollow projections extending horizontally of the section fromfront to rear, some of the projections on the two sides being staggeredwith respect to each other, and the staggered projections having theirupper, inner and outer surfaces sloped downwardly and outwardly and ,thelower inner and outer surfaces thereof. being sloped upwardly andoutwardly, said sec/tions also having other horizontal projections, oneon each side, above the staggered projections and which are horizontallyopposite each other, each of said other projections having a verticalopening therethrough near the front edGe of the section; substantiallyas -describet 2. A sectional heater or boiler, compris ing a pluralityof spaced hollow `projections or units which extend from the back to thefront of the heater, each of said units having a hollow vertical webportion formed on both sides with hollow projections which eX- tendhorizontallyfrom front to rear, some of the projections of each sectionbeing staggered with respect to adjacent projections, and each upperprojection being abutted against the corresponding projection of anadjacent section, said abutting projections closing the upper portionsof the Hue spaces between adjacent sections and forming horizontal Huesleading from the front to the back of the heater, the abuttingprojections having vertical Hue openings therethrough near the front ofthe'heater, the projections also having rearwardly extending Hue spacesabove the abutting projections and with which said openings communicate,and a stack connection with which said Hue s aces communicate at theirrear ends; subs antially as described.

3. A sectional heater or boiler, comprising a plurality of spaced hollowprojections or units which extend from the back to the front of theheater, each of-said units having a hollow vertical web portion formedon both sides with hollow projections which extend horizontally fromfront to rear, some of the projections of each section being staggeredwith respect to adjacent projections, and each upper projection beingabutted against the corresponding projection of an adjacent section,said abutting projections closing the upper portions of the Hue spacesbetween adjacent sections and forming horizontal Hues leading from thefront to the back of the heater, the abutting projections havingvertical Hue openings therethrough near the front of the heater,

- the projections also having rearwardly extending Hue spaces above theabutting projections and with which said openings communicate, and astack connection withwhich said Hue spaces communicatev at their rearends, said projections having their upper surfaces lsloped downwardlyand their lower faces sloped upwardly; substantially as described.

4. A sectional heater or boiler, comprising a plurality of spaced hollowprojections or units which extend from the back to the front of theheater, each of said units having a hollow vertical webportion formed onboth sides with hollow projections which extend horizontally from frontto rear, some of the projections of each section being staggered withrespect to adjacent projections, and each upper projection being abuttedagainst the corresponding projection of an adjacent section, saidabutting projections closing the upper portions of the Hue spacesbetween adjacent sections and forming horizontal Hues leading from thefront to the back of the heater, the abutting projections havingvertical Hue openings therethrough near the front of the heater, theprojections also having rearwardly ex-` tending Hue spaces Iabove theabutting pro- Y jections land with which said openings coinmunicate, anda stack connection with which said Hue spaces communicate at their rearends, said projections having their upper surfaces sloped downwardly andtheirlower faces sloped upwardly, and each of said sections beingnarrowed at its lower portion, thereby forming between their lowerportions enlarged combustion chambers at the lower portions of the Huespaces between the sections, and gas burners extending into saidchambers; substantially as described.

`5. A heater or boiler comprising end sections and intermediatesections, there being circulating connections 'between said sec? tionsas well as inlet and outlet connections, each of said sections having ahollowvertical header and a hollow vertical web comf municating at oneend with the header, one side of the web of each of the end sectionsbeing provided with hollow horizontal projections extending from one endof the section to the header, the intermediate sections having hollowprojections on each side of its web extending from one end to theheader, the hollow projections on the one section being staggered withrelation to the projections on the other section to form cir- ALEXANDERH. MoRRow.

Witnesses: j

GEO. B. BLEMING, Gro. H. PARMELEE.

cuitous passages between the sections which

